Transcription
Oracle DatabaseClient Installation Guide12c Release 2 (12.2) for LinuxE85761-06November 2021
Oracle Database Client Installation Guide, 12c Release 2 (12.2) for LinuxE85761-06Copyright 2015, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Primary Author: Prakash JashnaniContributing Authors: Douglas WilliamsContributors: Smitha Viswanathan, Neha Avasthy, Prasad Bagal, Subhranshu Banerjee, Jean-FrancoisVerrier, Tammy Bednar, Kiran Chamala, Jonathan Creighton, Benoit Dageville, Sudip Datta, Jim Erickson,Marcus Fallen, Joseph Francis, Subrahmanyam Kodavaluru, Allan Graves, Barbara Glover, Asad Hasan,Thirumaleshwara Hasandka, Clara Jaeckel, Aneesh Khandelwal, Joel Kallman, Eugene Karichkin, JaiKrishnani, Sangeeth Kumar, Ranjith Kundapur, Kevin Jernigan, Christopher Jones, Angad Gokakkar, BrynLlewellyn, Saar Maoz, Sreejith Minnanghat, Gopal Mulagund, Sue Lee, Rich Long, Barb Lundhild,Rudregowda Mallegowda, Subhash Chandra, Mughees Minhas, Krishna Mohan, Matthew McKerley, JohnMcHugh, Gurudas Pai, Satish Panchumarthy , Rajesh Prasad, Rajendra Pingte, Richard Roddy, SrinivasPoovala, Mohammed Shahnawaz Quadri, Hanlin Qian, Gurumurthy Ramamurthy, Hema Ramamurthy, SunilRavindrachar, Mark Richwine, Dipak Saggi, Trivikrama Samudrala, Shachi Sanklecha, David Schreiner, MohitSinghal, Dharma Sirnapalli, Akshay Shah, James Spiller, Roy Swonger, Binoy Sukumaran, KalambhattiPrashanth, Ravi Thammaiah, Shekhar Vaggu, Ajesh Viswambharan, Peter Wahl, Terri Winters, SergiuszWolicki, Sivakumar Yarlagadda, Zakia ZerhouniThis software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions onuse and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. 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ContentsPrefaceAudienceviiDocumentation AccessibilityviiCommand SyntaxviiRelated DocumentationviiiConventions123ixOracle Database Client Installation ChecklistServer Hardware Checklist for Oracle Database Client Installation1-1Operating System Checklist for Oracle Database Client on Linux1-2Server Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database Client1-3Oracle User Environment Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database Installation1-5Storage Checklist for Oracle Database Client1-6Installer Planning Checklist for Oracle Database Client1-6Checking and Configuring Server Hardware for Oracle Database ClientLogging In to a Remote System Using X Window System2-1Checking Server Hardware and Memory Configuration2-2Configuring Operating Systems for Oracle Database Client on LinuxAbout Oracle Linux with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel3-1Reviewing Operating System Security Common Practices3-2About Operating System Requirements3-2Operating System Requirements for x86-64 Linux Platforms3-2Supported Oracle Linux 8 Distributions for x86-643-4Supported Oracle Linux 7 Distributions for x86-643-6Supported Oracle Linux 6 Distributions for x86-643-7Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Distributions for x86-643-9Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Distributions for x86-643-11Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Distributions for x86-643-12iii
Supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 Distributions for x86-643-14Supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 Distributions for x86-643-15Supported NeoKylin Linux Advanced Server 7 Distributions for x86-643-17Operating System Requirements for IBM: Linux on System z3-17Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z3-18Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z3-19Supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 Distributions for IBM: Linux on System z3-20Additional Drivers and Software Packages for Linux3-21Installing PAM for Login Authentication on Linux3-22Installing Oracle Messaging Gateway3-22Installation Requirements for ODBC and LDAP3-22About ODBC Drivers and Oracle Database3-23Installing ODBC Drivers for Linux x86-643-23About LDAP and Oracle Plug-ins3-23Installing the LDAP Package3-23Installation Requirements for Programming Environments for Linux3-23Installation Requirements for Programming Environments for Linux x86-643-24Installation Requirements for Programming Environments for IBM: Linux onSystem z3-24Installation Requirements for Web Browsers3-25Checking Kernel and Package Requirements for Linux43-25Configuring Users, Groups and Environments for Oracle DatabaseClientRequired Operating System Groups and Users4-1Determining If an Oracle Inventory and Oracle Inventory Group Exist4-2Creating the Oracle Inventory Group If an Oracle Inventory Does Not Exist4-2About Oracle Installation Owner Accounts4-3Identifying an Oracle Software Owner User Account4-3Creating Operating System Oracle Installation User Accounts4-4Creating an Oracle Software Owner User4-4Environment Requirements for Oracle Software Owners4-4Procedure for Configuring Oracle Software Owner Environments4-5Setting Remote Display and X11 Forwarding Configuration4-7Unsetting Oracle Installation Owner Environment Variables54-8Installing Oracle Database ClientAccessing the Installation Software5-1Downloading Oracle Software5-2Downloading the Installation Archive Files from OTN5-2iv
Downloading the Software from Oracle Software Delivery Cloud Portal5-2Copying the Software to the Hard Disk5-3Mounting Disks on Linux Systems5-3Installing the Oracle Database Client Software6Running Oracle Universal Installer to Install Oracle Database Client5-4Using Oracle Net Configuration Assistant5-5About Character Set Selection During Installation5-6Running Oracle Universal Installer in Different Languages5-7Oracle Database Client Postinstallation TasksRequired Postinstallation TasksDownloading and Installing Patch UpdatesRecommended Postinstallation Tasks7A5-46-16-16-2Creating a Backup of the root.sh Script6-2Setting Language and Locale Preferences for Client Connections6-2Removing Oracle Database SoftwareAbout Oracle Deinstallation Options7-1Oracle Deinstallation Tool (Deinstall)7-3Deinstallation Examples for Oracle Database Client7-5Installing and Configuring Oracle Database Using Response FilesHow Response Files WorkA-1Reasons for Using Silent Mode or Response File ModeA-2Using Response FilesA-2Preparing Response FilesA-3Editing a Response File TemplateA-3Recording Response FilesA-5Running Oracle Universal Installer Using a Response FileA-6Indexv
List of Tables1-1Server Hardware Checklist for Oracle Database Client Installations1-11-2Operating System General Checklist for Oracle Database Client on Linux1-21-3Server Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database Client1-31-4User Environment Configuration for Oracle Database1-51-5Storage Checklist for Oracle Database Client1-61-6Oracle Universal Installer Planning Checklist for Oracle Database Client Installation1-63-1x86-64 Oracle Linux 8 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-43-2x86-64 Oracle Linux 7 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-63-3x86-64 Oracle Linux 6 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-83-4x86-64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-103-5x86-64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-113-6x86-64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-133-7x86-64 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-143-8x86-64 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-153-9x86-64 NeoKylin Linux Advanced Server 7 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-173-10Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-183-11Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-193-12SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 Minimum Operating System Requirements3-203-13Requirements for Programming Environments for Linux X86–643-243-14Requirements for Programming Environments for IBM: Linux on System z3-24A-1Response Files for Oracle Database ClientA-3vi
PrefaceThis guide explains how to install and configure Oracle Database Client.This guide also provides information about postinstallation tasks and how to remove thedatabase client software. AudienceThis guide is intended for anyone responsible for installing Oracle Database Client 12cRelease 2 (12.2). Documentation Accessibility Command SyntaxRefer to these command syntax conventions to understand command examples in thisguide. Related Documentation ConventionsAudienceThis guide is intended for anyone responsible for installing Oracle Database Client 12cRelease 2 (12.2).Additional installation guides for Oracle Database, Oracle Real Application Clusters, OracleClusterware, Oracle Database Examples, and Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control areavailable at the following URL:http://docs.oracle.comDocumentation AccessibilityFor information about Oracle's commitment to accessibility, visit the Oracle AccessibilityProgram website at http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx acc&id docacc.Access to Oracle SupportOracle customers that have purchased support have access to electronic support through MyOracle Support. For information, visit http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx acc&id infoor visit http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx acc&id trs if you are hearing impaired.Command SyntaxRefer to these command syntax conventions to understand command examples in this guide.vii
PrefaceConventionDescription Bourne or BASH shell prompt in a command example. Do not enter theprompt as part of the command.%C Shell prompt in a command example. Do not enter the prompt as part ofthe command.#Superuser (root) prompt in a command example. Do not enter the promptas part of the command.monospaceUNIX command syntaxbackslash \A backslash is the UNIX and Linux command continuation character. It isused in command examples that are too long to fit on a single line. Enterthe command as displayed (with a backslash) or enter it on a single linewithout a backslash:dd if /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s6 of /dev/rst0 bs 10b \count 10000braces { }Braces indicate required items:.DEFINE {macro1}brackets [ ]Brackets indicate optional items:cvtcrt termname [outfile]ellipses .Ellipses indicate an arbitrary number of similar items:CHKVAL fieldname value1 value2 . valueNitalicItalic type indicates a variable. Substitute a value for the variable:library namevertical line A vertical line indicates a choice within braces or brackets:FILE filesize [K M]Related DocumentationThe related documentation for Oracle Database products includes the followingmanuals:Related Topics Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide Oracle Application Express Installation Guide Oracle Clusterware Administration and Deployment Guideviii
Preface Oracle Database Concepts Oracle Database New Features Guide Oracle Database Licensing Information Oracle Database Readme Oracle Database Release Notes for Linux Oracle Database Installation Guide Oracle Database Examples Installation Guide Oracle Database Administrator's Reference for Linux and UNIX-Based OperatingSystems Oracle Database Upgrade Guide Oracle Database 2 Day DBA Oracle Database 2 Day Real Application Clusters Guide Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation and Upgrade Guide Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide for Linux and UNIX Oracle SQL Developer Installation Guide Oracle Universal Installer User's GuideConventionsThe following text conventions are used in this document:ConventionMeaningboldfaceBoldface type indicates graphical user interface elements associated with anaction, or terms defined in text or the glossary.italicItalic type indicates book titles, emphasis, or placeholder variables for whichyou supply particular values.monospaceMonospace type indicates commands within a paragraph, URLs, code inexamples, text that appears on the screen, or text that you enter.ix
1Oracle Database Client Installation ChecklistUse checklists to review system requirements, and to plan and carry out Oracle DatabaseClient installation.Oracle recommends that you use checklists as part of your installation planning process.Using checklists can help you to confirm that your server hardware and configuration meetminimum requirements for this release and can help you carry out a successful installation. Server Hardware Checklist for Oracle Database Client InstallationUse this checklist to check hardware requirements for Oracle Database Clientinstallations. Operating System Checklist for Oracle Database Client on LinuxUse this checklist to check minimum operating system requirements for Oracle DatabaseClient. Server Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database ClientUse this checklist to check minimum server configuration requirements for OracleDatabase Client installations. Oracle User Environment Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database InstallationUse this checklist to plan operating system users, groups, and environments for OracleDatabase management. Storage Checklist for Oracle Database ClientUse this checklist to review storage minimum requirements and assist with configurationplanning. Installer Planning Checklist for Oracle Database ClientUse this checklist to assist you to be prepared before starting Oracle Universal Installer.Server Hardware Checklist for Oracle Database ClientInstallationUse this checklist to check hardware requirements for Oracle Database Client installations.Table 1-1Server Hardware Checklist for Oracle Database Client InstallationsCheckTaskServer Make and ArchitectureConfirm that server make, model, core architecture, and host busadaptors (HBA) or network interface controllers (NICs) are supportedto run with Oracle Database and Oracle Grid Infrastructure. Ensurethe server has a DVD drive, if you are installing from a DVD.Runlevel3 or 5Server Display CardsAt least 1024 x 768 display resolution, which Oracle UniversalInstaller requires.Minimum network connectivityClient is connected to a network.Minimum RAMAt least 256 MB of RAM.1-1
Chapter 1Operating System Checklist for Oracle Database Client on LinuxOperating System Checklist for Oracle Database Client onLinuxUse this checklist to check minimum operating system requirements for OracleDatabase Client.Table 1-2LinuxOperating System General Checklist for Oracle Database Client onItemTaskOperating systemgeneralrequirementsOpenSSH installed manually, if you do not have it installed already aspart of a default Linux installation.Linux x86-64operating systemrequirementsThe following Linux x86-64 kernels are supported:A Linux kernel in the list of supported kernels and releases listed in thisguide. Oracle Linux 8.2 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 6:5.4.17-2011.1.2.el8uek.x86 64 or laterOracle Linux 8.2 with the Red Hat Compatible Kernel:4.18.0-193.19.1.el8 2.x86 64 or laterOracle Linux 7 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 3:3.8.13-35.3.1.el7uek.x86 64 or laterOracle Linux 7.2 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4:4.1.12-32.2.3.el7uek.x86 64 or laterOracle Linux 7 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel:3.10.0-123.el7.x86 64 or laterOracle Linux 6.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 2:2.6.39-400.211.1.el6uek.x86 64or laterOracle Linux 6.6 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 3:3.8.13-44.1.1.el6uek.x86 64 or laterOracle Linux 6.8 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4:4.1.12-37.6.2.el6uek.x86 64 or laterOracle Linux 6.4 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel:2.6.32-358.el6.x86 64 or laterRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2: 4.18.0-193.19.1.el8 2.x86 64or laterRed Hat Enterprise Linux 7: 3.10.0-123.el7.x86 64 or laterRed Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4: 2.6.32-358.el6.x86 64 or laterSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15: 4.12.14-25-default or laterSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP1: 3.12.49-11.1 or laterNeoKylin Linux Advanced Server 7: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86 64 orlaterReview the system requirements section for a list of minimum packagerequirements.1-2
Chapter 1Server Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database ClientTable 1-2 (Cont.) Operating System General Checklist for Oracle DatabaseClient on LinuxItemTaskIBM: Linux onSystem z operatingsystemrequirementsThe following IBM: Linux on System z kernels are supported:Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2: 3.10.0-327.el7.s390x or laterRed Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6: 2.6.32-504.el6.s390x or laterSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP1: 3.12.49-11-default s390xor laterReview the system requirements section for a list of minimum packagerequirements.OraclePreinstallation RPMfor Oracle LinuxIf you use Oracle Linux, then Oracle recommends that you run an Oraclepreinstallation RPM for your Linux release to configure your operatingsystem for Oracle Database and Oracle Grid Infrastructure installations.Server Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database ClientUse this checklist to check minimum server configuration requirements for Oracle DatabaseClient installations.Table 1-3Server Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database ClientCheckTaskDisk space allocated tothe /tmp directoryAt least 400 MB of space in the temporary disk space (/tmp)directory.Swap space allocation relativeto RAM256 MB: 3 times the size of RAMBetween 256 MB and 512 MB: 2 times the size of RAMBetween 512 MB and 2 GB: 1.5 times the size of RAMBetween 2 GB and 16 GB: Equal to the size of RAMMore than 16 GB: 16 GBNote: If you enable HugePages for your Linux servers, thenyou should deduct the memory allocated to HugePages fromthe available RAM before calculating swap space.1-3
Chapter 1Server Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database ClientTable 1-3(Cont.) Server Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database ClientCheckTaskOracle Inventory (oraInventory) and OINSTALL GroupRequirementsFor new installs, if you have not configured an oraInventorydirectory, then the installer creates an Oracle inventory that isone directory level up from the Oracle base for the Oracle GridInfrastructure install, and designates the installation owner'sprimary group as the Oracle Inventory group. For upgrades, Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) detects anexisting oraInventory directory from the /etc/oraInst.loc file,and uses the existing oraInventory.The Oracle Inventory directory is the central inventory of Oraclesoftware installed on your system. Users who have the OracleInventory group as their primary group are granted the OINSTALLprivilege to write to the central inventory.The OINSTALL group must be the primary group of all Oraclesoftware installation owners on the server. It should be writable byany Oracle installation owner.Groups and usersOracle recommends that you create groups and user accountsrequired for your security plans before starting installation. Installationowners have resource limits settings and other requirements. Groupand user names must use only ASCII characters.Mount point paths for thesoftware binariesOracle recommends that you create an Optimal Flexible Architectureconfiguration as described in the appendix "Optimal FlexibleArchitecture" in Oracle Database Installation Guide for your platform.Ensure that the Oracle home(the Oracle home path youselect for Oracle Database)uses only ASCII charactersThe ASCII character restriction includes installation owner usernames, which are used as a default for some home paths, as well asother directory names you may select for paths.Determine root privilegeDuring installation, you are asked to run configuration scripts as thedelegation option for installation root user. You can either run these scripts manually as root whenprompted, or you can provide configuration information andpasswords using a root privilege delegation option such as Sudo.To enable Sudo, have a system administrator with the appropriateprivileges configure a user that is a member of the sudoers list, andprovide the username and password when prompted duringinstallation.Set locale (if needed)Specify the language and the territory, or locale, in which you want touse Oracle components. A locale is a linguistic and culturalenvironment in which a system or program is running. NLS (NationalLanguage Support) parameters determine the locale-specificbehavior on both servers and clients. The locale setting of acomponent determines the language of the user interface of thecomponent, and the globalization behavior, such as date and numberformatting.symlinksOracle home or Oracle base cannot be symlinks, nor can any oftheir parent directories, all the way to up to the root directory.Related Topics Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide1-4
Chapter 1Oracle User Environment Configuration Checklist for Oracle Database InstallationOracle User Environment Configuration Checklist for OracleDatabase InstallationUse this checklist to plan operating system users, groups, and environments for OracleDatabase management.Table 1-4User Environment Configuration for Oracle DatabaseCheckTaskReview Oracle Inventory(oraInventory) and OINSTALLGroup RequirementsThe physical group you designate as the Oracle Inventory directory isthe central inventory of Oracle software installed on your system. Itshould be the primary group for all Oracle software installationowners. Users who have the Oracle Inventory group as their primarygroup are granted the OINSTALL privilege to read and write to thecentral inventory. If you have an existing installation, then OUI detects the existingoraInventory directory from the/etc/oraInst.loc file, anduses this location. If you are installing Oracle software for the first time, then OUIcreates an Oracle base and central inventory, and creates anOracle inventory using information in the following priority:– In the path indicated in the ORACLE BASE environmentvariable set for the installation owner user account.– In an Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) path (u[01–99]/app/owner where owner is the name of the user accountrunning the installation), if that user account haspermissions to write to that path.– In the user home directory, in the path /app/owner, whereowner is the name of the user account running theinstallation.Ensure that the group designated as the OINSTALL group isavailable as the primary group for all planned Oracle softwareinstallation owners.Create operating systemgroups and users for standardor role-allocated systemprivilegesCreate operating system groups and users depending on yoursecurity requirements, as described in this install guide.Set resource limits settings and other requirements for Oraclesoftware installation owners.Group and user names must use only ASCII characters.Unset Oracle SoftwareEnvironment VariablesIf you have had an existing installation on your system, and you areusing the same user account to install this installation, then unset theORACLE HOME, ORACLE BASE, ORACLE SID, TNS ADMINenvironment variables and any other environment variable set for theOracle installation user that is connected with Oracle softwarehomes.Configure the Oracle SoftwareOwner EnvironmentConfigure the environment of the oracle or grid user by performingthe following tasks: Set the default file mode creation mask (umask) to 022 in theshell startup file.Set the DISPLAY environment variable.1-5
Chapter 1Storage Checklist for Oracle Database ClientStorage Checklist for Oracle Database ClientUse this checklist to review storage minimum requirements and assist withconfiguration planning.Table 1-5Storage Checklist for Oracle Database ClientCheckMinimum local diskstorage space forOracle DatabaseClient softwareTaskFor Linux x86-64:At least 272 MB for an Instant Client installation.At least 2.2 GB for Administrator installation type.At least 1.8 GB for Runtime installation type.At least 2.2 GB for Custom installation type.For IBM: Linux on System z:At least 250 MB for an Instant Client installation.At least 1.8 GB for Administrator installation type.At least 1.5 GB for Runtime installation type.At least 1.8 GB for Custom installation type.Installer Planning Checklist for Oracle Database ClientUse this checklist to assist you to be prepared before starting Oracle UniversalInstaller.Table 1-6 Oracle Universal Installer Planning Checklist for Oracle DatabaseClient InstallationCheckTaskRead the Release Notes Review release notes for your platform, which are available for yourrelease at the following mlReview the LicensingInformationYou are permitted to use only those components in the OracleDatabase media pack for which you have purchased licenses. Formore information about licenses, refer to the following URL:Oracle Database Licensing InformationReview Oracle SupportCertification MatrixNew platforms and operating system software versions might becertified after this guide is published, review the certification matrixon the My Oracle Support website for the most up-to-date list ofcertified hardware platforms and operating system versions:https://support.oracle.com/You must register online before using My Oracle Support. Afterlogging in, from the menu options, select the Certifications tab. Onthe Certifications page, use the Certification Search options tosearch by Product, Release, and Platform. You can also searchusing the Certification Quick Link options such as ProductDelivery, and Lifetime Support.1-6
Chapter 1Installer Planning Checklist for Oracle Database ClientTable 1-6 (Cont.) Oracle Universal Installer Planning Checklist for OracleDatabase Client InstallationCheckTaskRun OUI with CVU anduse fixup scriptsOracle Universal Installer is fully integrated with Cluster VerificationUtility (CVU), automating many CVU prerequisite checks. OracleUniversal Installer runs all prerequisite checks and creates fixupscripts when you run the installer. You can run OUI up to theSummary screen without starting the installation.You can also run CVU commands manually to check systemreadiness. For more information, see:Oracle Clusterware Administration and Deployment GuideEnsure cron jobs donot run duringinstallationIf the installer is running when daily cron jobs start, then you mayencounter unexplained installation problems if your cron job isperforming cleanup, and temporary files are deleted before theinstallation is finished. Oracle recommends that you completeinstallation before daily cron jobs are run, or disable daily cron jobsthat perform cleanup until after the installation is completed.Decide the clientinstallation typeYou can choose one of the following installation types when installingOracle Database Client: Obtain your My OracleSupport accountinformation.Instant Client: Enables you to install only the shared librariesrequired b
12c Release 2 (12.2) for Linux E85761-06 November 2021. Oracle Database Client Installation Guide, 12c Release 2 (12.2) for Linux . Running Oracle Universal Installer to Install Oracle Database Client 5-4 Using Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 5-5 About Character Set Selection During Installation 5-6
